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Data Carving.

Data carving is a technique used in computer forensics to recover deleted or damaged files from storage media, such as hard drives, USB drives, and memory cards. This technique involves searching for data on the media that is not associated with any existing file system structure.

When files are deleted from a storage device, the space they occupy is marked as available for new data to be written over it. However, until that space is overwritten, the data may still be recoverable. Data carving involves searching for the signature of a particular file type and extracting the data associated with that file, even if the file system has been damaged or deleted.

Data carving tools use a variety of techniques to identify file signatures, including searching for known file headers, footers, and data structures. These tools may also analyze the entropy of the data to identify areas of the storage media that are likely to contain file data.

Data carving can be used to recover a wide range of file types, including documents, images, videos, and audio files. However, the success of data carving depends on a number of factors, including the level of fragmentation of the file, the size of the file, and the amount of data that has been written over the deleted file.

Data carving is an important technique in computer forensics and can be used to recover critical evidence in investigations. It is also used in data recovery operations to recover lost or damaged files for individuals or organizations. 

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